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Cooking Basics 101: Measurements, Abbreviations, & Recipe and Temperature Equivalents
By Vicki McClure Davidson
Common U.S. Cooking Abbreviations and Measurements
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- T., Tbs., tbsp. – tablespoon (usually expressed with capital "T")
- t., tsp. – teaspoon (3 tsp. = 1 Tbs.; always expressed with small "t")
- oz. – ounce
- lb. – pound (16 ounces)
- fl.oz. – fluid ounce
- c. – cup
- pt. – pint (2 cups)
- qt. – quart (4 cups)
- gal. – gallon (4 quarts / 16 cups)
- doz. – dozen
- pkg. – package
- sm. – small
- med. – medium
- lg. – large (29 oz.)
- sq. – square
- approx. – approximately
- min. – minutes
A measuring cup tip from America's Test Kitchen:
Wet versus Dry Measuring Cups
They seem like they should be interchangeable, but you absolutely need one set of each. You can’t accurately measure flour in a liquid measuring cup, and though you can pour liquid into a dry measuring cup, once filled, it can’t be moved without spilling the liquid.
Recipe Equivalents
Oven Temperature Equivalents (degrees)
Fahrenheit |
Celsius |
250 |
120 |
275 |
140 |
300 |
150 |
325 |
160 |
350 |
180 |
375 |
190 |
400 |
200 |
425 |
220 |
450 |
230 |
475 |
240 |
500 |
260 |
Cooking Conversions: U.S. Measurements & Metric Measurements |
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U.S. to Metric Capacity 1/5 teaspoon = 1 milliliter 1 teaspoon = 5 ml 1 tablespoon = 15 ml 1/5 cup = 50 ml 1 cup = 240 ml 2 cups (1 pint) = 470 ml 4 cups (1 quart) = 0.95 liter 4 quarts (1 gal.) = 3.8 liters
Weight 1 fluid oz. = 30 milliliters 1 fluid oz. = 28 grams 1 pound = 454 grams |
Metric to U.S. Capacity 1 milliliter = 1/5 teaspoon 5 ml = 1 teaspoon 15 ml = 1 tablespoon 34 ml = 1 fluid oz. 100 ml = 3.4 fluid oz. 240 ml = 1 cup 1 liter = 34 fluid oz. 1 liter = 4.2 cups 1 liter = 2.1 pints 1 liter = 1.06 quarts 1 liter = 0.26 gallon
Weight 1 gram = 0.035 ounce 100 grams = 3.5 ounces 500 grams = 1.10 pounds 1 kilogram = 2.205 pounds 1 kilogram = 35 oz. |